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Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

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On 29 January 2000, the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted a supplementary agreement to the Convention known as the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. The Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology. It establishes...
African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA)

African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA)

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The Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA), the largest of its kind developed so far under CMS. It was concluded on 16 June 1995 in the Hague, the Netherlands and entered into force on 1 November 1999 after the required number of at least fourteen Range States, comprising seven from Africa and seven from Eurasia...

Kyoto Protocol

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The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions .These amount to an average of five per cent against 1990...
UN Convention to Combat Desertification

UN Convention to Combat Desertification

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The UN Convention to Combat Desertification (1996) is providing a universal legal policy and advocacy framework for its 193 Parties to combat desertification and land degradation. In implementing the Convention, there is great leverage through the unique participatory process of local stakeholders, including farmers and rural populations that offer...
Convention on Biological Diversity

Convention on Biological Diversity

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At the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, world leaders agreed on a comprehensive strategy for "sustainable development" -- meeting our needs while ensuring that we leave a healthy and viable world for future generations. One of the key agreements adopted at Rio was the Convention on Biological Diversity. This pact among the vast majority...
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

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The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC) is an international environmental treaty produced at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. The treaty is aimed at stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in...
Convention for the Protection, Management and Development of the Marine and Coastal Environment of the Eastern African Region

Convention for the Protection, Management and Development of the Marine and Coastal Environment of the Eastern African Region

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The Nairobi Convention provides a mechanism for regional cooperation, coordination and collaborative actions, and enables the Contracting Parties to harness resources and expertise from a wide range of stakeholders and interest groups towards solving interlinked problems of the coastal and marine environment.

The Nairobi Convention for...
International Tropical Timber Agreement

International Tropical Timber Agreement

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The ITTA, 2006 builds on the foundations of the previous agreements (1983, 1994), focusing on the world tropical timber economy and the sustainable management of the resource base, simultaneously encouraging the timber trade and the improved management of the forests. In addition, it contains provisions for information sharing, including non-tropical timber...

World Charter for Nature

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World Charter for Nature was adopted by United Nations member nation-states on October 28, 1982. It proclaims five principles of conservation by which all human conduct affecting nature is to be guided and judged:

1. Nature shall be respected and its essential processes shall not be impaired.

2. The genetic viability...

United Nations Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

United Nations Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

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The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement between governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.

CITES was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting...
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